Linux网卡配置
linux网卡配置
我们可以使用 ip 和 ifconfig 命令来获取网卡信息
ip 命令
ip命令：
介绍：直接查看IP地址信息
格式：ip [option]
用法：ip addr
[root@localhost ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:66:07:5c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.127.130/24 brd 192.168.127.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::d44c:c57b:11b7:9bd5/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever列出所有的网卡以及网卡的IP地址。
ifconfig 命令
ifconfig 命令:
介绍：设置和查看网卡信息但需要使用 yum install -y net-tools 安装 net-tools 软件包后才能使用。
格式：ifconfig [device] [option]
用法：
ifconfig ：直接使用查看网卡
ifconfig device ip network ：设置网卡IP地址
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.127.130 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.127.255
inet6 fe80::d44c:c57b:11b7:9bd5 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:66:07:5c txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 129 bytes 11710 (11.4 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 96 bytes 10961 (10.7 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 68 bytes 5920 (5.7 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 68 bytes 5920 (5.7 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens33 192.168.3.127/24
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens33 192.168.3.127 255.255.255.0dhclient 命令
dhclient 命令:
介绍：临时获取一个IP地址
格式：dhclient
用法：
直接使用
dhclient -r：取消自动获取的IP地址
[root@localhost ~]# dhclient
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.127.130 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.127.255
inet6 fe80::d44c:c57b:11b7:9bd5 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:66:07:5c txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 106 bytes 10777 (10.5 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 100 bytes 11907 (11.6 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 68 bytes 5920 (5.7 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 68 bytes 5920 (5.7 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0但是使用一次之后再次使用会提示：
[root@localhost ~]# dhclient
dhclient(1220) is already running - exiting.
This version of ISC DHCP is based on the release available
on ftp.isc.org. Features have been added and other changes
have been made to the base software release in order to make
it work better with this distribution.
Please report for this software via the CentOS Bugs Database:
http://bugs.centos.org/
exiting.需要杀死dhclient的进程。
[root@localhost ~]# ps aux|grep dhclient 获取进程
root 1220 0.0 0.2 107380 2304 ? Ss 23:14 0:00 dhclient
root 1224 0.0 0.0 112720 984 pts/0 R+ 23:17 0:00 grep --color=auto dhclient
[root@localhost ~]# kill -9 1220 根据进程号杀死进程修改网卡配置文件
以上修改方式都是临时的，系统重启之后就无效了。要想下次开机有效，需要修改网卡的配置文件。
配置文件在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/目录下：
[root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
ifcfg-ens33 ifdown-ippp ifdown-routes ifup ifup-ipv6 ifup-ppp ifup-tunnel
ifcfg-lo ifdown-ipv6 ifdown-sit ifup-aliases ifup-isdn ifup-routes ifup-wireless
ifdown ifdown-isdn ifdown-Team ifup-bnep ifup-plip ifup-sit init.ipv6-global
ifdown-bnep ifdown-post ifdown-TeamPort ifup-eth ifup-plusb ifup-Team network-functions
ifdown-eth ifdown-ppp ifdown-tunnel ifup-ippp ifup-post ifup-TeamPort network-functions-ipv6存在的ifcfg-ens33就是需要修改的：
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
TYPE="Ethernet" # 以太网网络类型 还有桥接 Bridge
PROXY_METHOD="none"
BROWSER_ONLY="no"
BOOTPROTO="static" # 重要：ip的获取类型（static|dhcp|none）
DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy"
NM_CONTROLLED=yes # 是否修改后自启动
NAME="ens33" # 网卡名
UUID="61d3f945-5a5a-403d-be81-a669df2f0d6b" # 通用唯一识别码/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-ipoib.rules
DEVICE="ens33" # 网卡设备名，要和网卡文件名后缀 ifcfg-ens33相同
HWADDR=00:0C:29:D8:3F:67 网卡硬件地址
ONBOOT="yes" # 是否开机自启动
IPADDR="192.168.127.130" # 重要：ip地址
NETMASK="255.255.255.0" # 重要：子网掩码
GATEWAY="192.168.127.2" # 重要：网管地址
DNS1="114.114.114.114" # DNS 如果没有设置的话需要在编辑 /etc/resolve.conf 才能上网配置完后要重启网卡systemctl restart network
systemctl start xx.service开启服务systemctl stop xx.service关闭服务systemctl restart xx.service重启服务
使用ssh工具连接linux
我们使用SecureCRTPortable来连接：
在使用中如果出现中文乱码的话。
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