> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://lack.gitbook.io/operation-and-maintenance/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://lack.gitbook.io/operation-and-maintenance/githubshi-yong/da-jian-github-si-you-cang-ku.md).

# 搭建git私有仓库

## 前言

github毕竟是公开的，而私有仓库又得花钱买。所以我们可以想办法搭建一个私有的，只自己公司使用的。

## 搭建github私有仓库

首先找一台能联网的服务器，安装相关的软件包

```bash
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y git
```

添加 git 用户并设置用户登陆：

```bash
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -s /usr/bin/git-shell git
```

> 设置 git 用户的 shell 的目的是为了不让 git 用户远程登陆

创建 authorized\_keys 文件，并更改属主、属组和权限，用来存客户端机器上的公钥

```bash
[root@localhost ~]# cd /home/git/
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir .ssh
[root@localhost ~]# touch .ssh/authorized_keys
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R git.git .ssh
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 600 .ssh/authorized_keys
```

创建存储 git 代码的仓库

```bash
[root@localhost git]# mkdir /data/gitroot
[root@localhost git]# cd /data/gitroot/
[root@localhost git]#git init --bare sample.git 
# 会创建一个裸仓库，裸仓库没有工作区，因为服务器上的Git仓库纯粹是为了共享，
# 所以不让用户直接登录到服务器上去改工作区，并且服务器上的Git仓库通常都以.git结尾
[root@localhost git]# chown -R git.git sample.git
```

以上操作是在 git 服务器上做的，平时 git 服务器是不需要开发人员登录修改代码的，它仅仅是充当着一个服务器的角色，就像 github 一样，平时操作都是在我们自己的 pc 上做的。

## 客户端使用

首先要把客户端上的公钥放到 git 服务器上 /home/git/.ssh/authorized\_keys 文件里

```bash
[root@localhost ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa # 创建密钥
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
/root/.ssh/id_rsa already exists.
Overwrite (y/n)? y
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
70:4f:c1:c0:4f:a9:82:8e:f2:ae:ae:c1:dc:a3:1f:f2 root@localhost.localdomain
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|       ..o..     |
|        . +.     |
|     .. .+.      |
|    . .o.o.      |
|   o   .S .      |
|+ o .            |
|.* +             |
| .= o            |
|==oE             |
+-----------------+
[root@localhost ~]# scp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub 192.168.3.163:/home/git/.ssh/authorized_keys # 复制到远程 github 的服务器上
root@192.168.3.163's password: 
id_rsa.pub                                                                                        100%  408     0.4KB/s   00:00
```

在客户端上（自己pc）克隆远程仓库

```bash
[root@localhost tmp]# git clone git@192.168.3.163:/data/gitroot/sample.git
Cloning into 'sample'...
warning: You appear to have cloned an empty repository.
[root@localhost tmp]#
```

此时就可以在当前目录下生成一个sample的目录，这个就是我们克隆的远程仓库了。进入到这里面，可以开发一些代码，然后push到远程。

我们来操作试试：

进入目录下并写入内容

```bash
[root@localhost tmp]# cd sample/
[root@localhost sample]# ls
[root@localhost sample]# echo "test" >> 1.txt
[root@localhost sample]# ls
1.txt
[root@localhost sample]# cat 1.txt 
test
```

我们还要设置 git 的全局变量

```bash
[root@localhost sample]# git config --global user.name "Your name"        
[root@localhost sample]# git config --global user.email "Your@example.com"
```

我们提交修改并上传到仓库

```bash
[root@localhost sample]# git add 1.txt
[root@localhost sample]# git commit -m "add 1.txt"
[master (root-commit) e1c57f0] add 1.txt
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
 create mode 100644 1.txt
[root@localhost sample]# git push origin master
Counting objects: 3, done.
Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 211 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To git@192.168.3.163:/data/gitroot/sample.git
 * [new branch]      master -> master
[root@localhost sample]#
```

我们来看看是否修改成功了

```bash
[root@localhost sample]# cd ../
[root@localhost tmp]# rm -fr sample/
[root@localhost tmp]# git clone git@192.168.3.163:/data/gitroot/sample.git
Cloning into 'sample'...
remote: Counting objects: 3, done.
remote: Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
Receiving objects: 100% (3/3), done.
[root@localhost tmp]# cd sample/
[root@localhost sample]# ls
1.txt
[root@localhost sample]# cat 1.txt 
test
[root@localhost sample]#
```

删除本机上的sample目录，再从仓库中克隆，发现和我们上交时相同，修改成功。github私有仓库搭建成功了。


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