ansible playbook 实战：安装nginx

大致思路

先在一台机器上编译安装好nginx、打包，然后再用ansible去下发。

cd /etc/ansible   # 进入ansible配置文件目录

mkdir nginx_install   # 创建一个nginx_install的目录，方便管理

cd nginx_install

mkdir -p roles/{common,install}/{handlers,files,meta,tasks,templates,vars}

roles/  # 目录结构
├── common       # 安装前的一些准备
│   ├── files      # 安装时用到的一些文件
│   ├── handlers   # 触发器
│   ├── meta       # 说明信息，说明角色依赖等信息
│   ├── tasks      # 核心的配置文件
│   ├── templates  # 通常存一些配置文件，启动脚本等模板文件
│   └── vars       # 定义的变量
└── install      # 安装nginx的操作
    ├── files
    ├── handlers
    ├── meta
    ├── tasks
    ├── templates
    └── vars

安装步骤

需要事先准备好安装用到的文件，具体如下：

1.将nginx的源码包放在/etc/ansible/nginx_install/roles/install/files/ 命名为nginx-1.15.2.tar.gz

mv nginx-1.15.2.tar.gz /etc/ansible/nginx_install/roles/install/files/nginx-1.15.2.tar.gz

2.启动脚本、配置文件都要放到/etc/ansible/nginx_install/roles/install/templates下面

cp /etc/init.d/nginx /etc/ansible/nginx_install/roles/install/templates

3.定义common的tasks，nginx是需要一些依赖包的

# /etc/ansible/nginx_install/roles/common/tasks/main.yml

- name: Install initializtion require software
  yum: name="zlib-devel,gcc,pcre-devel" state=installed

4.定义变量

# /etc/ansible/nginx_install/roles/install/vars/main.yml 

nginx_user: www
nginx_port: 80
nginx_basedir: /usr/local/nginx

5.首先要把所有用到的文档拷贝到目标机器

# /etc/ansible/nginx_install/roles/install/tasks/copy.yml 

- name: Copy Nginx Software
  copy: src=nginx-1.15.2.tar.gz dest=/tmp/nginx-1.15.2.tar.gz owner=root group=root

- name: Uncompression Nginx Software
  shell: tar -zxf /tmp/nginx-1.15.2.tar.gz -C /tmp/

- name: Copy Nginx Start Script
  template: src=nginx dest=/etc/init.d/nginx owner=root group=root mode=0755

6.接下来会建立用户，启动服务，删除压缩包

 # /etc/ansible/nginx_install/roles/install/tasks/install.yml

- name: Install nginx
  shell: "cd /tmp/nginx-1.15.2 && ./configure --prefix={{ nginx_basedir }} --with-pcre && make && make install"

- name: Create Nginx User
  user: name={{ nginx_user }} state=present createhome=no shell=/sbin/nologin

- name: Start Nginx Service
  shell: /etc/init.d/nginx start


- name: Add Boot Start Nginx Service
  shell: chkconfig --level 345 nginx on


- name: Delete Nginx compression files
  shell: rm -rf /tmp/nginx.tar.gz

7.再创建main.yml并且把copy和install调用

# /etc/ansible/nginx_install/roles/install/tasks/main.yml
- include: copy.yml
- include: install.yml

8.到此两个roles：common和install就定义完成了，接下来要定义一个入口配置文件

# /etc/ansible/nginx_install/install.yml
---
- hosts: 192.168.127.129  
   remote_user: root
   gather_facts: True

   roles:
    - common
    - install

9.执行：

ansible-playbook /etc/ansible/nginx_install/install.yml